| Year |
Scientist(s) |
Animal(s) Used |
Contribution Made |
| 1960 |
Burnet, Medawar |
Rabbit, mouse |
Understanding of acquired immune
tolerance. |
| 1961 |
von Bekesy |
Guinea pig |
Physical mechanism of stimulation in
cochlea. |
| 1963 |
Eccles, Hodgkin, Huxley |
Cat, frog, squid, crab |
Ionic involvement in excitation and
inhibition in peripheral and central portions of nerve cells. |
| 1964 |
Bloch, Lynen |
Rat |
Regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid
metabolism. |
| 1966 |
Rous, Huggins |
Rat, rabbit, hen, dog |
Tumor inducing viruses and hormonal
treatment of cancer. |
| 1967 |
Hartline, Granit, Wald |
Chicken, rabbit, fish,
crab |
Primary physiological and chemical
processes of vision. |
| 1968 |
Holley, Khorana,
Nirenberg |
Rat |
Interpretation of genetic code and its
role in protein synthesis. |
| 1970 |
Katz, von Euler, Axelrod |
Cat, rat |
Mechanisms of storage and release of
nerve transmitters. |
| 1971 |
Sutherland |
Mammalian liver |
Mechanism of the actions of hormones. |
| 1972 |
Edelman, Porter |
Guinea pig, rabbit |
Chemical structure and nature of
antibodies. |
| 1973 |
von Frisch, Lorenz,
Tinbergen |
Bird, bee |
Organization of social and individual
behavior patterns in animals. |
| 1974 |
de Duve, Palade, Claude |
Chicken, guinea pig, rat |
Structural and functional organization
of cells. |
| 1975 |
Baltimore, Dulbecco,
Temin |
Monkey, horse, chicken,
mouse |
Interaction between tumor viruses and
genetic material. |
| 1976 |
Blumberg, Gajusek |
Chimpanzee |
Slow viruses and new mechanism for
dissemination of diseases. |
| 1977 |
Guillemin, Schally, Yalow |
Sheep, swine |
Role of hypothalmic hormones in body. |
| 1979 |
Cormack, Hounsfield |
Pig |
Development of computer-assisted
tomography (CAT scan). |
| 1980 |
Benacerraf, Dausset,
Snell |
Mouse, guinea pig |
Identification of histocompatibility
antigens and mechanism of action. |
| 1981 |
Sperry, Hubel, Wiesel |
Cat, monkey |
Processing of visual information by the
brain. |
| 1982 |
Bergstrom, Samuelson,
Vane |
Ram, rabbit, guinea pig |
Discovery of prostaglandins. |
| 1984 |
Milstein, Kohler, Jerne |
Mouse |
Technique of monochlonal antibody
synthesis. |
| 1986 |
Levi-Montalcini, Cohen |
Mouse, chick, snake |
Nerve growth factor and epidermal growth
factor. |
| 1987 |
Tonegawa |
Mouse embryo |
Basic principles of antibody synthesis. |
| 1989 |
Varmus, Bishop |
Chicken |
Cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes. |
| 1990 |
Marray, Thomas |
Dogs |
Organ transplantation techniques. |
| 1991 |
Neher, Sakmann |
Frogs |
Chemical communication between cells. |
|
1992
|
Fischer, Krebs |
Rabbit |
Regulatory mechanism in cells |
|
1995
|
Lewis, Wieschaus, Nusslein-Volhard |
Fruit fly |
Genetic control of early structural development |
|
1996
|
Doherty, Zinkernagel |
Mouse |
Immune-system detection of virus-infected cells |
|
1997
|
Prusiner* |
Hamster, mouse |
Discovery and characterization of prions |
|
1998
|
Furchgott, Ignarro, Murad |
Rabbit |
Nitric oxide as signaling molecule in cardiovascular system
|
|
1999
|
Blobel |
Various animal cells |
Proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and
localization in the cell. |
|
2000
|
Carlsson, Greengard, Kandel |
Mice, Guinea pigs, sea slugs |
Signal transduction in the nervous system |
|
2002
|
Brenner,
Horvitz, Sulston |
Roundworm |
Genetic
regulation of organ development and programmed cell death |
|
2002
|
Brenner,
Horvitz, Sulston |
Roundworm |
Genetic
regulation of organ development and programmed cell death |
|
2004
|
Axel, Buck
|
Mice |
Odorant
receptors and the organization of the olfactory system |
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